1. Auxiliary Verb의 Complement로 기능하는 Past-Participial Clause
I was invited.
이 경우 be는 modal auxiliaries이므로 transparent verb이고, 따라서 raising이 일어난 구조로 볼 수 있다.
- Raised Subject: I
- Predicate
- Head(Auxiliary Verb): was
- Complement(Past-Participial Clause): invited
- Predicand: I
- Predicate: invited
Simplification: (I) was / ~ invited.
2. Modifier로 기능하는 Past-Participial Clause
rocks formed from river deposits
- NP
- Head: rocks
- Modifier(Past-Participial Clause): formed from river deposits
- Predicand: rocks
- Predicate: formed from river deposits